Branding Experts Don't Understand Branding
There is a fundamental misunderstanding at the heart of the creative and business worlds. It’s a dirty secret Chris Do lets his audience in on immediately. “Branding people don't understand branding,” he declares. The room, filled with accountants and entrepreneurs, breathes a sigh of relief. They are not alone.
The problem is a confusion of terms and a focus on the superficial. Most people mistakenly believe a brand is a logo, a color palette, or a clever tagline. They think it is a static asset to be designed and deployed.
This is wrong.
To correct this, Do turns to brand strategist Marty Neumeier, author of The Brand Gap. Neumeier provides a definition that shifts the power from the company to the customer: A brand is a person's gut feeling about a product, service, or organization.
“It's not what you say it is,” Do emphasizes, “it's what they say it is.”
You can claim your brand is about care, empathy, and going the extra mile. But if your team is curt, if your policies nickel and dime clients, your brand is the negative experience people report. The logo is merely a container for this meaning. It is a symbol that collects all the feelings, stories, and interactions associated with your business.
As Do explains, “Whereas products are made in factories, brands are made in the hearts and minds of people.” This distinction is critical. A beautiful logo on a terrible company is just a beautiful container for a terrible reputation.
Branding as Impression Management
If a brand is a gut feeling, then what is branding? It cannot be the act of controlling feelings. That’s impossible. But we can influence them.
Do introduces a concept from his friend, Dr. Christine Lussier. Branding is impression management.
Every single day, in every interaction, you are managing impressions. It happens with your children, your colleagues, your clients, and the barista at the coffee shop. The way you dress, the words you choose, your energy, and the consistency of your behavior all contribute to the impression you leave behind.
The most relatable example is a job interview. You dress for the job you want, not the one you have. You prepare your answers. You present a specific version of yourself designed to create a positive, competent impression. You would not show up in shorts and flip-flops. That, too, is impression management, just a poor execution of it.
This idea is echoed by Amazon founder Jeff Bezos, who famously said, “Your brand is what people say about you when you're not in the room.”
However, there is a dangerous line to walk. When the persona you project drifts too far from your true self, you become inauthentic. People have a finely tuned radar for fakes. We are, as Do notes, “very good at sniffing out inauthentic brands.”
The goal is to manage your impression authentically. It’s about being the best, most consistent version of your true self, not inventing a character. The visual identity, the logo, the colors, and the typefaces are just the tip of the iceberg. Below the surface lie the crucial elements:
- Your voice
- Your behavior
- Your beliefs and values
- Your customer experience
Authentic branding aligns all of these elements, ensuring the impression you create is a true reflection of the value you deliver.
The Art of Guerrilla Positioning
Once you understand brand and branding, the next critical layer is positioning. Do offers a simple, powerful definition: Positioning is the space that you occupy in the hearts and minds of your customers relative to your competitors.
The last three words are the most important part: relative to your competitors.
Positioning isn't about what you say in a vacuum. It’s about how you are perceived in a crowded marketplace. To explain this, Do cites Al Ries and Jack Trout, who literally wrote the book on the subject, Positioning: The Battle for Your Mind. Their core idea is that positioning is an act of reframing.
Do illustrates this with a simple analogy. A canvas with paint spilled on it is worthless. But place that same canvas in a gallery, surround it with a beautiful frame and a velvet rope, and it becomes a valuable piece of art. The object didn't change, but its frame did. “It's how you frame something,” Do explains, “determines how you perceive it and what you feel about it.”
Effective positioning, therefore, is about picking a fight. It’s a dirty, almost nefarious tactic of guerrilla marketing. The goal is to take your competitor's greatest strength and, through reframing, turn it into a weakness.
Do provides three classic examples:
- Listerine vs. Scope: Listerine built its brand on being a powerful, medicinal mouthwash that killed germs. Their ads even embraced the harsh taste: “It’s the taste people hate, twice a day.” When Scope entered the market, they didn’t try to be stronger. They attacked Listerine’s strength head-on. Their simple, brilliant tagline? “No more medicine breath.” Scope captured a third of the market by reframing Listerine’s power as an unpleasant, medicinal flaw.
- Coca-Cola vs. 7 Up: During the Cola Wars of the 1980s, Coke and Pepsi were locked in a battle for dominance. Pepsi was “the choice of the new generation,” chasing trends with celebrity endorsements. Coke simply leaned into its heritage as “the real thing.” Seeing this, 7 Up couldn't compete as another cola. Instead, they positioned themselves against the entire category. They became The Uncola. This masterful stroke of reframing carved out a unique space for them in the consumer's mind.
- PC vs. Mac: In 2006, the PC, primarily running Microsoft Windows, held 97% of the market. It was the undisputed standard for serious business. Apple, in its quest for a comeback, launched the legendary “Get a Mac” campaign. The ads featured two characters: a stuffy, formal man as the PC and a cool, casual young man as the Mac. The campaign never talked about processing power or specs. It simply repositioned the dominant market leader as old, bloated, uncool, and out of date. Do notes the campaign was so effective it infuriated Bill Gates. “You know the advertising is working when the CEO is upset,” he says.
This is positioning in action. It’s not about being better; it’s about being different in a way that matters to the customer.
Your Anti-Competitive Playbook
The purpose of strong positioning is to make the customer’s choice obvious. As Do states, the purpose of position is to reduce or outright eliminate competition. When you are clear about what you stand for and, just as importantly, what you stand against, you attract the right people and repel the wrong ones. You stop being a commodity and start being a category of one. This is a journey many entrepreneurs can learn from, as detailed in how to go from freelancing into a seven-figure agency.
Do offers a simple, three-step playbook to start positioning your own business:
- Identify who you are really competing against. When a potential client is considering you, who else is in the running? Be realistic. You can't be aspirational here, because the comparison has to resonate with the customer.
- Ask what your competition is known for. What are their top three traits? If you're a small, personal accounting firm, what are the perceived traits of a massive firm like PWC? They might be seen as big, faceless, and impersonal.
- Be the 'anti' of whatever they are. If the competition is a 'big faceless organization,' you are the person who cares about their business and stays up late worrying if they’ll make payroll. You are creating a clear choice. Do you want the PC, or do you want the Mac? Do you want the giant corporation, or do you want the dedicated partner?
You reframe their scale as a weakness and your size as a strength. This is how you stop competing and start commanding.
The Uncomfortable Truth About Premium Pricing
When you successfully eliminate competition through positioning, something profound happens: you no longer have to compete on price. You can command a premium.
This is where many service professionals get stuck. They believe the path to winning a project is to be affordable and easy to work with. Do argues the opposite is true. You want to make it harder to work with you by signaling immense value.
Price is a powerful signal. To illustrate this, Do shares his personal story of setting his coaching rates. He started out doing it for free, but quickly found himself with no time to do his actual work. On the advice of a friend, he decided to charge, but felt guilty. He timidly suggested $250 an hour.
His friend’s response was a lesson in positioning. “If you charge anything less than $500 an hour, I would not respect you anymore,” she told him.
So, he set his rate at $500. The requests for free advice stopped. The price acted as a filter. But then, a new problem emerged: he got booked too much. So he raised his price to $750 an hour. The same cycle repeated. Then $1,500 an hour. Each price increase brought a temporary lull, followed by a surge of new, more serious clients.
Finally, he set the price at a level he thought no one would pay: $5,000 an hour. This was a positioning play. It was designed to steer people toward his courses and events, making them seem like a bargain in comparison. For a long time, no one booked him. Then, someone did.
“Price does communicate position,” Do concludes. The lesson is not just about money; it’s about psychology.
A high price does several things:
- It acts as a barrier. It filters out people who are not serious, who are not true believers in the value you provide.
- It attracts a different buyer. The person willing to pay a premium is more invested, more likely to follow your advice, and less likely to question your process. They see you as an expert, not a vendor.
- It creates freedom. Do uses the “Friday night phone call” test. If a client calls you at 6 PM on a Friday, are you annoyed or are you happy to pick up? “If you charge enough,” he says, “I pick up the phone. How you doin’? What do you need?” Premium pricing allows you to serve clients without resentment, focusing on outcomes instead of counting hours. This approach to value is central to understanding how to move away from hourly billing, a concept explored in Do's masterclass on value-based pricing.
You have to be bold enough to state your worth, and then work to close the gap between the price you ask for and the value you deliver.
Marketing Is Not Advertising
With a clear brand and position, you can then turn to marketing. But just as with branding, most people get marketing wrong. They equate it with advertising: intrusive, repetitive messages forced upon people who don't want to hear them.
Do offers a more generous definition from marketing guru Seth Godin. Marketing is the generous act of helping people get what they want. It’s not about your needs; it's about theirs.
Godin’s philosophy is to “do something that matters for people who care.” This means finding a passionate audience and serving them, rather than interrupting the masses. As Do puts it, “Sell to people who actually want to hear from you versus interrupting people who don't.”
This leads to the idea of **Permission Marketing**, the title of Godin's influential book. It's an invitation for customers to volunteer to participate in a long-term marketing campaign of increasing value. Permission marketing has three key components:
- Is it anticipated? Are people looking forward to hearing from you?
- Is it personal? Does it feel like it was made for them?
- Is it relevant? Does it address their specific needs and desires?
To deliver this, you must think like an educator and develop a marketing curriculum. You start with broad, exciting information to build awareness, then go deeper and deeper, providing more detailed, high-value content as the relationship progresses. You can't give them the advanced material on day one; they aren't ready for it.
This journey can be mapped using the AIDCA framework: Awareness, Interest, Desire, Conversion, and Advocacy. Most businesses stop at conversion, but the real magic happens in the final step. Advocacy is about creating an experience so delightful that customers feel compelled to tell others about you. You want them to become your volunteer sales force.
Building Your Brand Framework: A Case Study
To make these concepts tangible, Do provides a simple but powerful brand framework that connects the customer to the final execution.
It starts with the customer, moves to the value you create for them, and then defines the sensory experience of the brand.
To demonstrate, he deconstructs the iconic American brand, Harley-Davidson. What is the value proposition of a Harley-Davidson motorcycle? It’s not about horsepower or 0-to-60 times. It’s an emotional promise.
- The Value Proposition: It's self-expression on two wheels. It’s the promise of adventure, freedom, and independence. It taps into an outlaw culture, a desire to fight the system and reclaim the road.
- The Tone of Voice: Based on this value prop, the brand's voice is not friendly or corporate. It’s rebellious, passionate, controversial, defiant, and unconventional.
- The Look and Feel: This voice translates into a visual language that is distressed, raw, rugged, unpolished, and authentic. It feels masculine and American.
With these words as guides, a designer can build a mood board, curating images that capture this feeling. This process of collecting and refining visuals creates a clear and consistent brand identity that is rooted in a deep understanding of the customer's emotional desires. This is a core part of a winning brand strategy.
The final layer is language. Powerful brands create their own vocabulary, a secret language that signals who is in the tribe. Do points to the Heaven's Gate cult, which systematically redefined common words to isolate its members. They didn't have bodies; they had “vessels.” This is what brands do when they create proprietary terms like Nike’s Air technology or Adidas’s Adiprene foam. They make you use their language and create trademarkable IP.
Do highlights a conceptual campaign for Harley-Davidson with the tagline “Roll Your Own.” It features images that redefine everyday concepts in the language of the brand. A picture of a donut becomes a “Morning Donut,” with the copy, “Raise hell before lunch.” An image of a lone motorcycle in an alley becomes the “Black Market,” with the line, “99 bucks. Any less and you could be arrested.”
The language reinforces the outlaw mythology, speaking directly to the customer's emotional desire for rebellion.
Who Gave You Permission?
Theory is one thing; execution is another. During a Q&A, an audience member reveals her struggle. She wants to move from a $1,500/month scoped service to a $10,000/month subscription model but feels held back by a lack of confidence and specific accounting knowledge.
Do challenges her barriers. The knowledge is attainable. The real obstacle is something else. When people say they lack confidence, what they are often looking for is permission.
“We're all just looking for permission from somebody,” he says. His own journey to charging $500 an hour began when his friend gave him permission to value his time. The audience member blames “the industry” for her hesitation. Do presses her. “Who they?” he asks. “Who told you you couldn’t do it?”
The room falls silent. The “they” is never a real person. It is an imaginary gatekeeper we invent to give ourselves an excuse not to go for what we want. The “they” is the person you see in the mirror every day.
“Creative folks, they don't live in the real world,” Do explains. “They live in the world of their imagination, and then the real world aligns to that.” This is a mindset available to everyone, not just artists.
You can ask for $10,000 a month. You will get a lot of nos, just as Do did when he raised his prices. But eventually, you will get a yes. And you will wonder what took you so long.
Stop waiting for an external authority to validate you. It will never come. The permission you seek is your own.
Do’s final charge is simple and profound. “Decide and you will be,” he says. “Stop letting someone else tell you what you are. Decide it and be it.”
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